Research Outline

Operating Costs - EV Fleet Vehicles

Goals

To understand the operating costs of EV passenger vehicles and Class 1 to 8 fleet vehicles.

Early Findings

Cost of charge per mile

  • EV fuel efficiency is measured in kilowatt-hours (kWh) per 100 miles. To calculate the charging cost per mile of an EV, the local cost of electricity and the size of the EV battery is required.
  • For example, if electricity at Location A costs $0.09 per kWh, and the EV has a fuel efficiency of 32 kWh, the charging cost per mile is $2.88. If the same EV charges at location B, where the kWh is $0.11, the charging cost is $3.52.
  • The charge per mile is a factor of the cost of electricity at the location and the size of the EV battery.

Operating cost per mile.

  • Operating costs for EV’s are derived from fuel, maintenance, rebates and other incentives.
  • According to the 2018 Fuel Economy Guide, annual fuel costs for all electric EV’s range from $550 for a compact EV to $900 for a sports utility vehicle.
  • Annual fuel costs for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles range from $600 for a midsize car to $2050 for sports utility vehicles.
  • Annual fuel costs for hybrid electric vehicles range from $650 for a midsize car to $2450 for a standard sport utility vehicle.
  • Owning an EV’s preempts much of the engine related costs an owner of an internal combustion engine (ICE) face. Standard vehicle expenses for insurance, repair and upkeep remain, with the highest potential expense for an EV owner being having to replace the battery pack.
  • At purchase the owner of an EV can access tax incentives at the federal and state level. The amount varies according to the model up to a limit of $7500 for the federal incentive.